Datapoint Sri Lanka Portuguese/Complementizer with verbs of speaking
The bare quotative falaa is best construed as a conjunctive participle (see Feature 72 "Nominal and verbal conjunction"), which, though expressed by the bare verb in Sri Lanka Portuguese, is a distinct form in Tamil and Sinhala.
The complementizer falaa-tu is the perfective participle of 'say'.
Values 
Complementizer identical to bare ‘say’
Frequency: 45.5%
- Example 41-48:
-
akamee, bəəgaspa juuda faya juuda faya falaa jafalaaaka=mee,that=foc[bəəga-s-pa[Burgher-pl-datjuudahelpfayadojuudahelpfayadofalaa]quot]jaa-falaapst-sayIndeed! They said "help the Burghers, help [them]."
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5337
- Example 41-94:
-
eev mee jafalaa nikara tandaa falaaeev1sgmeefocjaa-falaapst-say[nikara[neg.impta-andaaprs-gofalaa]quot]I myself said, “Don’t go.”
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5272
- Example 41-150:
-
nikara falaa jafalaatu noos mee rebekaantu jalaraa temnikaraneg.impfalaaquotjaa-falaa-tupst-say-pfvnoos1plmeefocrebekaa-ntuRebecca-locjaa-laraapst-leavetemprs.beSaying "Don't [go to the convent]" it was we who took left [her] at Rebecca's.
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5273
- Confidence:
- Very certain
Complementizer consists of ‘say’ plus some other marker
Frequency: 45.5%
- Example 41-9:
-
isti ingrees miziiɲa dika isti fɛɛvrispa malvaarsu miziiɲa mee boom falaatu takombersaaistithis[ingrees[Englishmiziiɲamedicinedikathanistithisfɛɛvri-s-pafever-pl-datmalvaar-suTamil-genmiziiɲamedicinemeefocboomgoodfalaa-tu]quot-pfv]ta-kombersaaprs-talkThey say that for fevers, Tamil medicine (Ayurvedic medicine) is better than English (Western) medicine.
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5345
- Example 41-148:
-
tɔɔna eev ɔɔntotardiiya jaapuntaa, boos jaafalaavoo ricedntaa falaatutɔɔnatheneev1sgɔɔnta-otru-diiyayesterday-other-dayjaa-puntaa,pst-ask[boos[2sgjaa-falaapst-tellvooindfricad-ntaaRichard-locfalaa-tu]quot-pfv]Then the day before yesterday I asked [him], “Did you tell Richard?”
Source: Smith 1977: 162
- Example 41-149:
-
avara osiyoor taam [nɔɔyvantaa] lopuntaa, "boospa teen dizeey voo, elipa pakazaa?" falaatuavaranowosiyoor3sg.hontaamalso[nɔɔyva-ntaa][bride-loc]lo-puntaa,fut-ask"boos-pa2sg-datteemprs.bedizeeydesirevoo,indfeli-pa3sg.m-accpa-kazaa?"inf-marryfalaa-tuquot-pfvNow he [the priest] will also ask [the bride], "are you willing to marry him?"
Source: Smith 1974-5: 3261
- Example 41-151:
-
keem, keensu fiiya, keem falaatu mesfalaakeem,whokeem-suwho-genfiiya,daughterkeemwhofalaa-tuquot-pfvmes-falaaoblig-say[They] must say who [you are], and whose daughter [you are], who [you are]. (i.e. They must know who you are and whose daughter you are.)
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5243
- Confidence:
- Very certain
No complementizer
Frequency: 9.1%
- Example 41-60:
-
aka parim boom prendudoor uŋa jafalaa: jeentis falaa daatu aka kriyaansas kitaprenda see aka muytu viraaduakathatparim1sg.datboomgoodprendudoorlearned.personuŋaonejaa-falaa:pst-say[jeentis[peoplefalaa-daa-tusay-give-pfv.ptcpakathatkriyaansa-schild-plki-ta-prendanmlz-prs-studyseecondakathatmuytuveryviraadu]wrong]With respect to that, a very learned person told me that [the model of education whereby] people teach and children study is wrong. OR: Consultant's translation: That, one very learned person told me: people teaching [children] and that children learning is wrong.
Source: Smith 1974-5: 5188
- Confidence:
- Certain