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Pidgin Hawaiian
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Instrumental expressions
In some cases, instruments may lack any special marking.
Values
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Adposition Frequency: 70.0%
Example 71-121:
Kipau hana eha wau,
me
ka pu hana eha iaia wau.
Kipau
Kipau
hana
make
eha
hurt
wau,
1sg
me
ins
ka
def
pu
gun
hana
make
eha
hurt
iaia
3sg
wau.
1sg
Kipau injured me, with his gun he injured me.
Confidence:
Very certain
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Unmarked noun phrase Frequency: 30.0%
Example 71-120:
Akahi hamale
wau inaha pauloa puniu.
Akahi
indf
hamale
hammer
wau
1sg
inaha
break
pauloa
all
puniu.
skull
With a hammer I smash every skull. OR: My hammer smashes every skull.
Example 71-122:
Aole
laau
wau hahau iaia.
Aole
neg
laau
stick
wau
1sg
hahau
strike
iaia.
3sg
I didn't strike him with a stick. OR: It wasn't a stick with which I struck him.
Confidence:
Very certain
Language:
Pidgin Hawaiian
by
Sarah J. Roberts
cite
Language:
Pidgin Hawaiian
Feature:
Instrumental expressions
Source:
Own data
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