Datapoint Chinese Pidgin Russian/Focus particle ‘also’

Values

After the focused element

Example 65-75:
Папа тоже, малень была я, папа помирала.
Papa toʒa, malen' byla ja, papa pomirala.
Papa
father
toʒa,
also
malen'
small
byla
cop.pfv
ja,
1sg
papa
father
pomira-la.
die-pfv
And the father also, he died when I was small.

Source: Perekhvalskaya 2008: 237

Example 65-145:
Моя постоянно охота ходи, другой работы нету, рыба лови понимай тоже нету.
Maja pastajana axota xadi, dərugoj rabota netu, ryba lowi ponimaj toʒə netu.
Maja
1sg
pastajana
permanently
axota
hunt
xadi,
go
dərugoj
other
rabota
work
netu,
cop.neg
ryba
fish
lowi
catch
ponimaj
understand
toʒə
also
netu.
neg
I am permanently hunting, there is no other work [for me], I am not skillful in fishing either.

Source: Arsen’ev 1949: 22

Confidence:
Very certain