Datapoint Papiamentu/Negation and indefinite pronouns

Negative spread or negative chain formation normally applies to indefinite quantifiers, which, as a result, take a negative form in the scope of negation. Thus: ningun hende [no one person] 'no one, nobody', nada 'nothing', nunka 'never', etc. These negative forms contribute quantificational force only, and not their negative meaning. Negative spread is considered normative, as seen in Maduro (1971: 47), which contains several examples of negatives which fail to display negative spread and which Maduro "corrects" to double negatives.

Values

Co-occurrence with predicate negation

Example 47-206:
Ningun di nan no a laga nada lòs tokante nan plan.
Ningun
no.one
di
of
nan
3pl
no
neg
a
pfv
laga
let
nada
nothing
lòs
loose
tokante
about
nan
3pl
plan.
plan
Not one of them has revealed anything about their plan.

Source: nd: 20 June 2009, p.7

Example 47-210:
Ningun komershante no ta gusta bende barata.
Ningun
no.one
komershante
salesperson
no
neg
ta
tns
gusta
like
bende
sell
barata.
cheap
No salesperson likes to sell cheaply.

Source: Maduro 1971: 47

Confidence:
Very certain