Hawaiian expresses the progressive via e VERB (DIR) (ADV) ana and present progressive ke VERB (DIR) (ADV) nei, and in early texts of post-1876 Pidgin Hawaiian, postverbal ana was rarely retained and never with the preverbal marker (generally there is no progressive marker in Pidgin Hawaiian). This feature disappeared in later texts. In Example 77, an adverb intervenes between the verb and the particle.