Datapoint Palenquero/Reciprocal constructions

Reciprocals routinely go unexpressed, thus diverging significantly from Spanish, where reciprocals use reflexive pronouns, e.g. se besaron 'they kissed each other', se mataron 'they killed each other'. Palenquero never uses reflexive or reciprocal Spanish se. Reflexives may also be unexpressed, or they may be expressed by the postverbal pronoun + memo construction.

Values

Reciprocal construction identical to reflexive

Example 48-155:
Ané asé labá ayá loyu.
Ané
they
asé
hab
labá
wash
ayá
there
loyu.
creek
They usually wash (clothes) at the creek. OR: They usually wash themselves at the creek. OR: They (usually) wash each other at the creek.

Source: Schwegler and Green 2007: 301

Example 48-156:
Ele ta miná ele-memo.
Ele
he/she
ta
prog
miná
look
ele-memo.
he-self
He/she is looking at himself/herself.
Spanish: (Él/ella) se está mirando a sí misma.
Example 48-157:
Ané a matá.
Ané
they
a
pst
matá.
kill
They killed. OR: They killed themselves.
Spanish: Mataron. OR: Se mataron.
Example 48-159:
Ané a mata.
Ané
they
a
pst
mata.
kill
They killed. OR: They killed each other.
Example 48-160:
Ané ndo a besá.
Ané
they
ndo
two
a
pst
besá.
kiss
The two of them kissed. OR: The two of them kissed each other.
Confidence:
Certain