Datapoint Singlish/Passive constructions

(1) Kena, from Malay 'to suffer', marks a non-prototypical passive-like construction, which may simply indicate non-volitional actors.
(2) The 'give' passive is a calque on Hokkien.

Values

Other atypical passive construction Frequency: 50.0%

Example 21-126:
John give his boss scold.
John
John
give
give
his
3sg.poss
boss
boss
scold.
scold
John was scolded by his boss.

Source: Fong 2004: 97

Confidence:
Very certain

Typical passive construction Frequency: 50.0%

Example 21-123:
John was scolded by his boss.
John
John
was
be.pst
scold-ed
scold-pst
by
by
his
3sg.poss
boss.
boss
John was scolded by his boss.

Source: Fong 2004: 97

Example 21-124:
He got chased away a number of times.
He
3sg
got
get.pst
chas-ed
chase-pst
away
away
a
det
number
number
of
of
time-s.
time-pl
He was chased away a number of times.

Source: Fong 2004: 97

Example 21-125:
She made a police report, the fella kena charge.
She
3sg
made
make.pst
a
det
police
police
report,
report
the
det
fella
fellow
kena
suffer
charge.
charge
She made a police report, the fellow was charged.

Source: Fong 2004: 99

Confidence:
Very certain