Datapoint Eskimo Pidgin/Order of subject, object, and verb

Word order is variable, but as Wurm (1992: 279) observes, the order SOV is prevalent. It is also the default order in Eskimo proper. Other attested word orders are either marginal since they do not occur frequently, or since one of the arguments is not a noun. Compare:

SVO
ōmē'lĭk a'baba ca'vik ka'ili ili'psi
captain say knife come you
'The captain orders you to bring him a knife.'

This example is not really relevant for word order, since the object is not a noun but a complement of the verb 'say'. The complement itself has OVS word order. (The statement in van der Voort (1994: 148) that SVO is the basic word order in Eskimo pidgins is incorrect.)

OVS
tuktu mȗkki ila
caribou dead he
'He killed (some) caribou.'

The subject in all attested OVS examples in Stefánsson (1909) is expressed by a personal pronoun. This was a reason for Wurm (1992: 279) to assume that the most basic word order is not OVS (but SOV). In Eskimo proper, pronouns are used for contrastive focus. This may not be their function in Eskimo Pidgin, which has no other strategies of person reference than pronouns. In view of the strong context-dependence of Eskimo Pidgin utterances discussed by Stefánsson (1909: 221), it seems possible that pronouns were used for disambiguation, and their clause-final position (even following the normally sentence-final negation marker) reminds one of extraposition.

Values

Subject-object-verb (SOV) Frequency: 87.5%

Example 76-1:
wai'hinni artegi annahanna pȗgmȗmmi
wai'hinni
woman
artegi
coat
annahanna
sew
pȗgmȗmmi
now
The woman is sewing a coat now.

Source: Stefánsson 1909: 224

Confidence:
Certain

Verb-subject-object (VSO) Frequency: 12.5%

Example 76-3:
uñasĭkcu tautuk awoñga atcu tuktu atcu kēruk añaninni
uñasĭkcu
far
tautuk
see
awoñga
I
atcu
if
tuktu
caribou
atcu
if
kēruk
wood
añaninni
big
I saw far away either a deer or a large piece of wood.

Source: Stefánsson 1909: 224

Confidence:
Certain