Datapoint Mixed Ma’a/Mbugu/Present reference of stative verbs and past perfective reference of dynamic verbs

There are a number of verbs (quality verbs, mental states) for which the form with the Perfect or Past has stative (present) meaning. In this sense there is a distinction between stative and dynamic verbs. "Stative" verbs of quality and of mental state have a different interpretation of the past and perfect tenses.

Values

Stative verbs with present reference and dynamic verbs with past perfective reference are marked with the same overt marker

Example 62-38:
uʔilíye héló vasitá ní vúgha na mlálo?
u-ila-íye
2sg-know-prf
hé-lo
16-have
vasita
Shambaa
ní
is
vugha
Vuga
na
with
mlalo?
Mlalo
Do you know there are Shambaa people at Vuga and Mlalo?
Example 62-40:
náakwáha
ni-áa-kwaha
1sg-pst-tired
I am tired.
Example 62-41:
áabíbí itorú
é-áa-bibi
3sg-pst-throw
itoru
spear
He threw a spear.
Confidence:
Unspecified