Datapoint Papiá Kristang/Subject relative clauses

Values

Relative particle and gap Frequency: 38.5%

Example 42-12:
tantu yo sa kambra-kambradu ki ja bai skola pun ja bai fora di tera
tantu
many
yo
1sg
sa
gen
kambra-kambradu
friend-friend
ki
rel
ja
prf
bai
go
skola
school
pun
also
ja
pfv
bai
go
fora
out
di
of
tera
country
Many of my friends who went to school, too, left the country.

Source: Baxter 1988: 110

Example 42-161:
aké omi keng ja beng panyá aké factory, eli bong la
aké
that
omi
man
keng
who
ja
pfv
beng
come
panyá
take
aké
that
factory,
factory
eli
3sg
bong
good
la
emph
The man who came to take over the factory, he was really good.

Source: Baxter 1988: 108

Example 42-163:
aké machu ki ta santá nalí, eli yo sa kambradu
aké
that
machu
boy
ki
that
ta
prog
santá
sit
nalí,
there
eli
3sg
yo
1sg
sa
gen
kambradu
friend
The boy that is sitting there is my friend.
Example 42-164:
tantu yo sa kambra kambradu ki ja bai skola pun
tantu
many
yo
1sg
sa
gen
kambra
friend
kambradu
friend
ki
rel
ja
pfv
bai
go
skola
school
pun
too
many of my friends who went to school, too

Source: Baxter 1988: 110

Confidence:
Very certain

Zero and gap Frequency: 38.5%

Example 42-165:
jenti kontá stori rainya omi
jenti
people
kontá
tell
stori
story
rainya
traditional
omi
man
People who tell traditional stories are men.

Source: Baxter 1988: 111

Confidence:
Very certain

Zero and resumptive pronoun Frequency: 23.1%

Example 42-162:
jenti prenya eli parí muré fiká pontianak
jenti
person
prenya
pregnant
eli
3sg
parí
bear
muré
die
fiká
become
pontianak
vampire
A pregnant woman who dies in childbirth becomes a vampire.

Source: Baxter 1988: 112

Confidence:
Very certain