Datapoint Early Sranan/Internal order of tense, aspect, and mood markers

We only find combinations of three different TAM markers (in the strict APiCS sense) in Weygandt (1798), see Example 114. Here, all instances involve property items (verlegie 'shy', leesie 'lazy') or complex verbs such as de wan nanga, meaning 'be in agreement with' or de baka, meaning 'be back'. Since the imperfective aspect marker de is homophonous with the copula de in Early Sranan, the categorial status of the property item (verb or predicative adjective) cannot be determined with 100% certainty. But the combination sa de is attested with verbs such as wroko 'work' (example 328). Since in contemporary Sranan and in Eastern Maroon Creole combinations of the three TAM markers are attested, we can infer that Early Sranan must have had TMA ordering of the TAM markers.

Values

Tense-Mood-Aspect

Example 1-112:
Effi a ben jeri, a ben sa komm.
Efi
if
a
3sg.sbj
ben
pst
yere,
hear
a
3sg.sbj
ben
pst
sa
fut
kon.
come
If he had heard, he would have come.
German: Wenn ers gehört hätte, so würde er kommen. [op.cit.]

Source: Schumann 1783: 15

Example 1-113:
Wie ben dee fom em brara.
Wi
1pl
ben
pst
de
asp
fon
punish
en
3sg
brara.
brother
We were punishing his brother.
Dutch: Wy straften zyn Broeder. [op.cit.]

Source: Weygandt 1798: 67

Example 1-114:
Joe ben sa dee leesie?
Yu
2sg
ben
pst
sa
fut
de
ipfv(/cop)
lesi?
be.lazy
Would you be lazy?
Dutch: Zoud gy lui zyn? [op.cit.]

Source: Weygandt 1798: 59

Example 1-115:
Diesie sa dé wroko da tem dan heelie tranga foe troe.
Disi
rel
sa
fut
de
ipfv
wroko
work
daten
that.time
dan
then
heli
very
tranga
hard
fu
for
tru.
true
Who then will be working really hard by that time.
Dutch: Die op dat oogenblik vlytig werken zullen. [op.cit.]

Source: Weygandt 1798: 136

Confidence:
Certain