Datapoint Early Sranan/Distance contrasts in demonstratives

- disi: proximate;
- da (SG), den (PL): neutral, or non-proximate when in contrast with disi:
- dati (used adnominally only once): neutral, or non-proximate when in contrast with disi.

Values

Two-way contrast

Example 1-21:
Tee mie werie foe da Pliesierie datie, dan mie dee go baka na hoso.
Te
when
mi
1sg
wêri
weary
fu
of
da
det.sg
prisiri
pleasure
dati,
that
dan
then
mi
1sg
de
hab
go
go
baka
back
na
at
oso.
house
When I’d got tired of that pleasure, then I’d (usually) return to the house.
Dutch: Vermoeid van dat vermaak, ging ik dan weer na huis [op.cit.]

Source: Weygandt 1798: 140

Example 1-22:
wan vo dem pikin dissi
wan
one
fu
of
den
det.pl
pikin
child
disi
this
one of these children

Source: Schumann 1781: 158

Example 1-23:
Da stoeloe sa hey toemoesie sontem foe joe, Diesja sa moro betree.
Da
det.sg
sturu
chair
sa
fut
hei
high
tumusi
too.much
sonten
perhaps
fu
for
yu,
2sg
disi-dya
this-here
sa
fut
moro
more
betre.
better
That chair may be too high for you, this one here will be better.
Dutch: Die stoel […]. Deeze […]. [op.cit.]

Source: Weygandt 1798: 122

Example 1-24:
[...] tra dirkture [... ] Takki mi hoe fa den dirkture de doe fo holli pranasie krien alle tem.
[...]
[...]
tra
other
driktoro
manager
[...]
[...]
Taki
tell
mi
1sg
o
q
fa
manner
den
det.pl
driktoro
manager
de
hab
du
do
fu
for
hori
hold
pranasi
plantation
krin
clean
ala
all
ten.
time
[...] other managers [...] Tell me how those managers manage to keep their plantations clean all the time.
Dutch: Ik zie hoe de andere Directeurs Leeven met het Plantagie-Werk en de Plantagies zyn altyd schoon en zy Werken niet half zoo veel als wy. [op.cit.]

Source: van Dyk ca. 1765: 87

Example 1-46:
Gimi dati alle de bon maar datti no bon.
Gi
give
mi
1sg
dati
that
ala
all
de
cop
bun
good
mara
but
dati
that
no
neg
bun.
good
Give it to me. Everything is fine, but that (one) is not.
Dutch: Geef eens hier, dat is allemaal goed, maar dat is niet goed. [op.cit.]

Source: van Dyk ca. 1765: 101

Example 1-93:
dem somma na dissi kondre
den
det.pl
soma
person
na
loc
disi
this
kondre
country
the people in this country
German: die Leute in diesem Land [op.cit.]

Source: Schumann 1783: 119

Confidence:
Certain