Value Particle, a few lexical items may intervene

Language:
Santome
Parameter:
Tightness of the link between the past marker and the verb
References
Hagemeijer 2007: Ch. 3

Examples

  1. Zon tava kwaji kume pixi.
    Zon
    Zon
    tava
    pst
    kwaji
    almost
    kume
    eat
    pixi.
    fish
    Zon had almost eaten fish. OR: Zon was almost eating fish.

    See Hagemeijer 2007: 151

  2. Ê tava ka vivê ni Libôkê.
    Ê
    3sg
    tava
    pst
    ka
    ipfv
    vivê
    live
    ni
    in
    Libôkê.
    Liboke
    He was living in Libôkê. OR: He used to live in Libôkê.
  3. N ta mu ka tason.
    N
    1sg
    ta
    pst
    mu
    refl
    ka
    ipfv
    tason.
    sit.down
    I was sitting down.
  4. Ê tava kwaji ka fla.
    Ê
    3sg
    tava
    pst
    kwaji
    almost
    ka
    ipfv
    fla.
    speak
    He was about to speak.