{"type": "FeatureCollection", "properties": {"layer": "", "name": "Social variation: phonology", "domain": [{"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "333-1", "name": "Widespread"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "333-3", "name": "Absent"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojODA4MDgwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "333-4", "name": "Not applicable (because there is little social stratification)"}]}, "features": [{"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "9-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2481, "valueset_pk": 2248, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 2248, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "9-333", "description": "There is variation only in the sense that the higher socio-economic classes tend to use more acrolects.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 76, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 76, "source": null}}], "label": "Belizean Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 76, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 75, "jsondata": {}, "id": "9", "name": "Belizean Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 17.533333, "longitude": -88.25}, "name": "Belizean Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-88.25, 17.533333]}, "id": "9"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "24-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6545, "valueset_pk": 6002, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 6002, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "24-333", "description": "Individual and family differences are more important than social differences.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 17, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 17, "source": null}}], "label": "Norf'k", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 17, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 16, "jsondata": {}, "id": "24", "name": "Norf'k", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -29.033209, "longitude": 167.957947}, "name": "Norf'k"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [167.957947, -29.033209]}, "id": "24"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "32-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8741, "valueset_pk": 8000, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 8000, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "32-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 26, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 26, "source": null}}], "label": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 26, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 25, "jsondata": {}, "id": "32", "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 16.866667, "longitude": -24.983334}, "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-24.983334, 16.866667]}, "id": "32"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "33-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9007, "valueset_pk": 8253, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 8253, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "33-333", "description": "Middle and upper class speakers tend to use  mesolectal and acrolectal (A) Kriol containing Portuguese phonemes which are not found in the basilect (B): \n\nA: /vinhu/\nvs. \nB: /binhu/", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 27, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 27, "source": "Intumbo's personal experience"}}], "label": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 27, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 26, "jsondata": {}, "id": "33", "name": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 11.9, "longitude": -15.0}, "name": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-15.0, 11.9]}, "id": "33"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "39-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 10656, "valueset_pk": 9777, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 9777, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "39-333", "description": "From a social point of view, the native-speaker community of Diu Indo-Portuguese is comparatively homogeneous. Still, one of the most obvious indicators of social prestige is fluency in Standard Portuguese. The corpus contains some striking examples of variation along these lines which, in fact, pertain more to the domain of phonetic realisation than that of phonological representation. One of these involves the realisation of syllable-final, word-internal voiceless fricatives, which can be: (1) alveloar [s] (the most common in Diu Indo-Portuguese); or (2) post-alveolar [\u0283] (modelled on a relatively recent trend in Standard Portuguese):\n\n(1) [isk\u0254l] 'school'\n\n(2) [i\u0283k\u0254l] 'school'\n\nThis type of variation is particularly evident when addressing a foreigner or someone perceived as highly educated in Standard Portuguese. The extent to which such variation carries over to conversations among native speakers of Diu Indo-Portuguese, or which settings would trigger it, remain to be described.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 33, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 33, "source": null}}], "label": "Diu Indo-Portuguese", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 33, "region": "South Asia", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 32, "jsondata": {}, "id": "39", "name": "Diu Indo-Portuguese", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 20.713087, "longitude": 70.984726}, "name": "Diu Indo-Portuguese"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [70.984726, 20.713087]}, "id": "39"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "50-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13600, "valueset_pk": 12499, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 12499, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "50-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 46, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 46, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Guadeloupean Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 46, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 45, "jsondata": {}, "id": "50", "name": "Guadeloupean Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 15.933333, "longitude": -61.266666}, "name": "Guadeloupean Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-61.266666, 15.933333]}, "id": "50"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "64-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 17367, "valueset_pk": 16031, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 16031, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "64-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 61, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 61, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Juba Arabic", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 61, "region": "Central and East Africa", "lexifier": "Arabic", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 60, "jsondata": {}, "id": "64", "name": "Juba Arabic", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 4.266667, "longitude": 31.016666}, "name": "Juba Arabic"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [31.016666, 4.266667]}, "id": "64"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "68-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 18414, "valueset_pk": 17019, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 17019, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "68-333", "description": "Speakers who are more educated at times make use of pronunciations and even phonemes found in Indonesian, the national language, which are absent in Ambon Malay.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 65, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 65, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Ambon Malay", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 65, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Malay", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 64, "jsondata": {}, "id": "68", "name": "Ambon Malay", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -3.7, "longitude": 128.149994}, "name": "Ambon Malay"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [128.149994, -3.7]}, "id": "68"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "7-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1932, "valueset_pk": 1743, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 1743, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "7-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 67, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 67, "source": "Personal inference"}}], "label": "Vincentian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 67, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 66, "jsondata": {}, "id": "7", "name": "Vincentian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 13.133333, "longitude": -61.216667}, "name": "Vincentian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-61.216667, 13.133333]}, "id": "7"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "12-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 3288, "valueset_pk": 3006, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 3006, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "12-333", "description": "In Bahamian Creole, variation appears to be less influenced by a speaker's social class than by his or her age and geographical background (cf. Features \"Geographic variation: phonology\", \"Geographic variation: morphosyntax\", \"Geographic variation: lexicon\", \"Urban/rural variation: phonology\", \"Urban/rural variation: morphosyntax\", \"Urban/rural variation: lexicon\"). It is true that competence in Standard English is more widespread among the higher social classes (education, of course, being the crucial parameter here), but the reverse is not true. According to Glinton-Meicholas (1995: 7-8), Bahamian Creole \"is the variety of English the majority of Bahamians use daily as their main tongue, and which all of us understand. BD [i.e. Bahamian Dialect, which is what Bahamians themselves call the creole] at its most basic is the language of the marketplaces and the streets, but is used by the 'upper crust' when they want to 'identify' with their roots.\"", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 4, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 4, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Bahamian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 4, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 4, "jsondata": {}, "id": "12", "name": "Bahamian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 25.053879, "longitude": -77.33963}, "name": "Bahamian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-77.33963, 25.053879]}, "id": "12"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "16-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 4371, "valueset_pk": 4013, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 4013, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "16-333", "description": "There are two main varieties of Ghanaian Pidgin English. Basilectal varieties are associated with the less educated sections of society, while more mesolectal/acrolectal forms are usually spoken by speakers who have at least progressed to the upper forms of secondary school. The phonology of the 'educated/student' variety is more influenced by Ghanaian (Standard) English, while the 'uneducated' variety is closer to the speakers' L1 varieties. The differences have not yet been studied systematically but are probably not too pronounced.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 8, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 8, "source": "Own observation"}}], "label": "Ghanaian Pidgin English", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 8, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 8, "jsondata": {}, "id": "16", "name": "Ghanaian Pidgin English", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.558582, "longitude": -0.20874}, "name": "Ghanaian Pidgin English"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-0.20874, 5.558582]}, "id": "16"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "21-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 5744, "valueset_pk": 5254, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 5254, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "21-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 14, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 14, "source": null}}], "label": "Singlish", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 14, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": null, "jsondata": {}, "id": "21", "name": "Singlish", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 1.33, "longitude": 101.7}, "name": "Singlish"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [101.7, 1.33]}, "id": "21"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "73-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19674, "valueset_pk": 18214, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 18214, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "73-333", "description": "There is sometimes slight variation between more or less \"Spanish\" pronunciations of individual items.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 71, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 71, "source": null}}], "label": "Media Lengua", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 71, "region": "South America", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 70, "jsondata": {}, "id": "73", "name": "Media Lengua", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -1.816667, "longitude": -78.199997}, "name": "Media Lengua"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-78.199997, -1.816667]}, "id": "73"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "22-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6018, "valueset_pk": 5506, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Uncertain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 5506, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "22-333", "description": "Social class as a concept is problematic in the Papua New Guinea context. If it is relevant, then variation would mainly consist of the degree of anglicisation.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 15, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 15, "source": null}}], "label": "Tok Pisin", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 15, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 14, "jsondata": {}, "id": "22", "name": "Tok Pisin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -9.5, "longitude": 147.166672}, "name": "Tok Pisin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [147.166672, -9.5]}, "id": "22"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "5-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1384, "valueset_pk": 1244, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 1244, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "5-333", "description": "Social variation somewhat but not entirely coincides with the features associated with the Urban-Rural divide. The language forms associated with people who interact in more prestigious domains would tend to have greater English influence, a feature also of Urban Creolese by contrast with Rural Creolese.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 45, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 45, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Creolese", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 45, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 44, "jsondata": {}, "id": "5", "name": "Creolese", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 6.8, "longitude": -58.166668}, "name": "Creolese"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-58.166668, 6.8]}, "id": "5"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "8-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2198, "valueset_pk": 1996, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 1996, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "8-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 75, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 75, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Jamaican", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 75, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 74, "jsondata": {}, "id": "8", "name": "Jamaican", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 18.0, "longitude": -77.5}, "name": "Jamaican"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-77.5, 18.0]}, "id": "8"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "11-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 3008, "valueset_pk": 2752, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 2752, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "11-333", "description": "Social and urban/rural or basilectal/acrolectal variation correlate with each other.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 3, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 3, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Nicaraguan Creole English", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 3, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 3, "jsondata": {}, "id": "11", "name": "Nicaraguan Creole English", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 12.0, "longitude": -83.75}, "name": "Nicaraguan Creole English"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-83.75, 12.0]}, "id": "11"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "17-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 4668, "valueset_pk": 4265, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 4265, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "17-333", "description": "While there is significant regional variation in the phonology of basilectal varieties of Nigerian Pidgin due to influence from local languages, and significant social variation in the phonology of acrolectal varieties of Nigerian Pidgin due to influence from English, phonological variation does not normally impede mutual intelligibility among mesolectal speakers of the language. Speakers of Nigerian Pidgin from more privileged class backgrounds usually have greater opportunities for learning English, and sometimes use English-influenced phonology in their Nigerian Pidgin discourse.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 9, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 9, "source": null}}], "label": "Nigerian Pidgin", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 9, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 9, "jsondata": {}, "id": "17", "name": "Nigerian Pidgin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 6.358975, "longitude": 5.564575}, "name": "Nigerian Pidgin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [5.564575, 6.358975]}, "id": "17"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "35-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9579, "valueset_pk": 8775, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 8775, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "35-333", "description": "This type of variation has not been studied for Santome. Some variation may exist inasmuch as lower classes tend to make greater use of Santome and upper classes greater use of Portuguese.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 29, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 29, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Santome", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 29, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 28, "jsondata": {}, "id": "35", "name": "Santome", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 0.33285, "longitude": 6.88}, "name": "Santome"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [6.88, 0.33285]}, "id": "35"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "49-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13318, "valueset_pk": 12243, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 12243, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "49-333", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 44, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 44, "source": null}}], "label": "Haitian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 44, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 43, "jsondata": {}, "id": "49", "name": "Haitian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 19.0, "longitude": -72.5}, "name": "Haitian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-72.5, 19.0]}, "id": "49"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "58-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15760, "valueset_pk": 14523, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 14523, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "58-333", "description": "Educated people sometimes import structural patterns from French, such as in reported speech.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 54, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 54, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Kikongo-Kituba", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 54, "region": "Central and East Africa", "lexifier": "Bantu", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 53, "jsondata": {}, "id": "58", "name": "Kikongo-Kituba", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -4.565474, "longitude": 17.666016}, "name": "Kikongo-Kituba"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [17.666016, -4.565474]}, "id": "58"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "65-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 17617, "valueset_pk": 16266, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 16266, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "65-333", "description": "Social strata in the pidgin-using communities of the late 19th and the 20th century usually coincided with their ethnic structure: \"Europeans\" (Russian, Poles, Ukrainians, Germans) made up the dominant stratum; \"locals\" were servants, workmen, retailers (Chinese) or forest \"savages\" who served as guides (Nanai, Udihe). \nThe phonology of these \"ethnolects\" - European vs. Asian - distinctely differed (see Feature \"Geographic variation: phonology). A. Jab\u0142on\u0301ska showed this in her article on the Chinese Russian Pidgin variety spread in Northern China (Manchuria).", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 62, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 62, "source": null}}], "label": "Chinese Pidgin Russian", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 62, "region": "East Asia", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 61, "jsondata": {}, "id": "65", "name": "Chinese Pidgin Russian", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 48.0, "longitude": 134.0}, "name": "Chinese Pidgin Russian"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [134.0, 48.0]}, "id": "65"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "19-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 5227, "valueset_pk": 4769, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": null, "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 4769, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "19-333", "description": "The Fernandinos/Krios and speakers who grew up in the ambit of Fernandino/Krio culture have some phonological features in their speech that are somewhat closer to those found in the lexifier English.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 11, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 11, "source": "Yakpo 2009b"}}], "label": "Pichi", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 11, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 11, "jsondata": {}, "id": "19", "name": "Pichi", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 3.754634, "longitude": 8.779449}, "name": "Pichi"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [8.779449, 3.754634]}, "id": "19"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "47-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12760, "valueset_pk": 11729, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": null, "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 11729, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "47-333", "description": "Andersen (1974) describes phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic variation in Papiamentu as determined by style, social status, and receptiveness to foreign (in particular Spanish and Dutch) models.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 42, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 42, "source": null}}], "label": "Papiamentu", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 42, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 41, "jsondata": {}, "id": "47", "name": "Papiamentu", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 12.25, "longitude": -69.0}, "name": "Papiamentu"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-69.0, 12.25]}, "id": "47"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "55-333-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14971, "valueset_pk": 13771, "domainelement_pk": 1065, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": null, "domainelement": {"pk": 1065, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "333-2", "name": "Limited", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 262, "number": 2, "abbr": null}, "valueset": {"pk": 13771, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "55-333", "description": "People wanting to indicate that they are well educated replace traditional [i] for French schwa in the first syllable of certain high frequency words, e.g. dime (French: demain) 'tomorrow', dilo (French: de l'eau) 'water'.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 51, "parameter_pk": 262, "contribution_pk": 51, "source": null}}], "label": "Mauritian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 51, "region": "Indian Ocean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 50, "jsondata": {}, "id": "55", "name": "Mauritian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -20.0, "longitude": 58.0}, "name": "Mauritian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [58.0, -20.0]}, "id": "55"}]}