{"type": "FeatureCollection", "properties": {"layer": "", "name": "Functions of reduplication", "domain": [{"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "26-2", "name": "Only iconic functions"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "26-5", "name": "Attenuating function"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojMDAwMEZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "26-6", "name": "Word-class-changing function"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "26-8", "name": "Attenuating and word-class-changing function"}]}, "features": [{"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "48-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12793, "valueset_pk": 11758, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11758, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "48-26", "description": "See Mo\u00f1ino & Ortiz (1999) for a list of approximately 20 reduplications, many of which are of African (Kikongo) origin. These are, however, all lexical (non-productive)", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 43, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 43, "source": "Own knowledge; Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Palenquero", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 43, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 42, "jsondata": {}, "id": "48", "name": "Palenquero", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 10.10318, "longitude": -75.198807}, "name": "Palenquero"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-75.198807, 10.10318]}, "id": "48"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "52-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13905, "valueset_pk": 12784, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12784, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "52-26", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 48, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 48, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Guyanais", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 48, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 47, "jsondata": {}, "id": "52", "name": "Guyanais", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 3.922142, "longitude": -51.792297}, "name": "Guyanais"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-51.792297, 3.922142]}, "id": "52"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "57-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15279, "valueset_pk": 14053, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14053, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "57-26", "description": "Wawa \u2018grandmother\u2019 and nunu \u2018grandfather\u2019 are reduplicated forms which function as appellative. 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The majority originates from Hawaiian: anana 'sick', hannahanna 'to sew', punnipunni 'sexual intercourse'. The word ababa 'to say' is probably from Chinook Jargon wawa 'speech, talk' (note the confusion in van der Voort (1997: 383\u2013384), where 'Nootka' was written instead of 'Eskimo Pidgin'). The rather universal word kaukau 'to eat, food' may have entered the pidgin via Hawaiian Pidgin.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 74, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 74, "source": "Personal inference"}}], "label": "Eskimo Pidgin", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 74, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 73, "jsondata": {}, "id": "76", "name": "Eskimo Pidgin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 70.110481, "longitude": -152.006836}, "name": "Eskimo Pidgin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-152.006836, 70.110481]}, "id": "76"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "61-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 16341, "valueset_pk": 15058, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 15058, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "61-26", "description": "There is very little reduplication in Fanakalo, in sharp contrast to all its substrates (see Mesthrie 2003). Only a few instances of mainly distributive occurrences occur - e.g. muye-muye 'one-one' = 'some'. (This example is not widespread however.)", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 58, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 58, "source": null}}], "label": "Fanakalo", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 58, "region": "Southern Africa", "lexifier": "Bantu", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 57, "jsondata": {}, "id": "61", "name": "Fanakalo", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -28.532656, "longitude": 30.855103}, "name": "Fanakalo"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [30.855103, -28.532656]}, "id": "61"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "69-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 18439, "valueset_pk": 17042, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Uncertain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 17042, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "69-26", "description": "There are no examples in my small corpus.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 66, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 66, "source": "Own field notes 1985"}}], "label": "Yimas-Arafundi Pidgin", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 66, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 65, "jsondata": {}, "id": "69", "name": "Yimas-Arafundi Pidgin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -4.666667, "longitude": 143.550003}, "name": "Yimas-Arafundi Pidgin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [143.550003, -4.666667]}, "id": "69"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "14-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 3595, "valueset_pk": 3287, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 3287, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "14-26", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 6, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 6, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "African American English", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 6, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 6, "jsondata": {}, "id": "14", "name": "African American English", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 37.282795, "longitude": -85.12207}, "name": "African American English"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-85.12207, 37.282795]}, "id": "14"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "26-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6854, "valueset_pk": 6276, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6276, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "26-26", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 19, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 19, "source": "Own fieldwork recording"}}], "label": "Hawai\u2018i Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 19, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 18, "jsondata": {}, "id": "26", "name": "Hawai\u2018i Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 21.5, "longitude": -158.0}, "name": "Hawai\u2018i Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-158.0, 21.5]}, "id": "26"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "27-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7117, "valueset_pk": 6526, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6526, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "27-26", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 20, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 20, "source": null}}], "label": "Negerhollands", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 20, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Dutch", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 19, "jsondata": {}, "id": "27", "name": "Negerhollands", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 18.333332, "longitude": -64.75}, "name": "Negerhollands"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-64.75, 18.333332]}, "id": "27"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "32-26-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8490, "valueset_pk": 7775, "domainelement_pk": 730, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 730, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "26-1", "name": "No reduplication", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 180, "number": 1, "abbr": "No reduplication"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7775, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "32-26", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 26, "parameter_pk": 180, "contribution_pk": 26, "source": null}}], "label": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 26, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 25, "jsondata": {}, "id": "32", "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 16.866667, "longitude": -24.983334}, "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-24.983334, 16.866667]}, "id": "32"}]}