{"type": "FeatureCollection", "properties": {"layer": "", "name": "Inclusive/exclusive distinction in independent personal pronouns", "domain": [{"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "15-1", "name": "No inclusive/exclusive distinction"}, {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}]}, "features": [{"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "25-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6571, "valueset_pk": 6020, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6020, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "25-15", "description": "Inclusive and exclusive 1st dual pronouns are consistently distinguished in all varieties (they are yunmi~minyu and mindubala~minbala, respectively). However, for 1st plural the forms wi and mibala (as well as, in Roper River, mela), which according to published descriptions of the Roper River variety have inclusive and exclusive reference, respectively, are used interchangeably by older speakers of the Victoria River variety. A similar tendency is reported by Hudson (1985: 44\u201345) for the Fitzroy Valley variety.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 18, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 18, "source": "Fieldwork Schultze-Berndt"}}], "label": "Kriol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 18, "region": "Australia", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 17, "jsondata": {}, "id": "25", "name": "Kriol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -14.833333, "longitude": 135.0}, "name": "Kriol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [135.0, -14.833333]}, "id": "25"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "57-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15268, "valueset_pk": 14042, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14042, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "57-15", "description": "The inclusive/exclusive opposition can be made by adding phrases like ave twa [with 2SG] or sa twa [without 2SG].", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 53, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 53, "source": "own knowledge Ehrhart"}}], "label": "Tayo", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 53, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 52, "jsondata": {}, "id": "57", "name": "Tayo", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -22.0, "longitude": 166.333328}, "name": "Tayo"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [166.333328, -22.0]}, "id": "57"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "2-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 302, "valueset_pk": 263, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 263, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "2-15", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 12, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 12, "source": null}}], "label": "Sranan", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 12, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 12, "jsondata": {}, "id": "2", "name": "Sranan", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.833333, "longitude": -55.0}, "name": "Sranan"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-55.0, 5.833333]}, "id": "2"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "22-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 5766, "valueset_pk": 5272, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 5272, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "22-15", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 15, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 15, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Tok Pisin", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 15, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 14, "jsondata": {}, "id": "22", "name": "Tok Pisin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -9.5, "longitude": 147.166672}, "name": "Tok Pisin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [147.166672, -9.5]}, "id": "22"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "23-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6039, "valueset_pk": 5524, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 5524, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "23-15", "description": "Inclusives are also used metaphorically and as politeness strategy.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 16, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 16, "source": null}}], "label": "Bislama", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 16, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 15, "jsondata": {}, "id": "23", "name": "Bislama", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -16.0, "longitude": 168.0}, "name": "Bislama"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [168.0, -16.0]}, "id": "23"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "24-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6309, "valueset_pk": 5776, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 5776, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "24-15", "description": "There is no distinction in plural, which supports the claim by M\u00fchlh\u00e4usler & Harr\u00e9 (1989) that dual is less marked in pronoun systems than plural. The inclusive/exclusive distinction is only made in deictic function and generally neutralized in anaphoric function and by young speakers.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 17, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 17, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Norf'k", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 17, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 16, "jsondata": {}, "id": "24", "name": "Norf'k", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -29.033209, "longitude": 167.957947}, "name": "Norf'k"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [167.957947, -29.033209]}, "id": "24"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "46-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12243, "valueset_pk": 11248, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11248, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "46-15", "description": "The entire forms of these pronouns are of Austronesian origin. But it is not clear if they existed in the language from the very beginning or they were borrowed through later (secondary) contact. Frake (1971) argues for a Hiligaynon (Central Philippines) source of all Austronesian pronouns in the variety of Chabacano in Zamboanga which was borrowed later.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 41, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 41, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Zamboanga Chabacano", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 41, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 40, "jsondata": {}, "id": "46", "name": "Zamboanga Chabacano", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 7.0, "longitude": 122.083336}, "name": "Zamboanga Chabacano"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [122.083336, 7.0]}, "id": "46"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "72-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19173, "valueset_pk": 17737, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 17737, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "72-15", "description": "An inclusive/exclusive distinction is made in Gurindji Kriol in the emphatic pronoun paradigm: ngantipa (1PL.EXCL), ngaliwa (1PL.INCL). This distinction is not made in the regular pronoun paradigm.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 70, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 70, "source": null}}], "label": "Gurindji Kriol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 70, "region": "Australia", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 69, "jsondata": {}, "id": "72", "name": "Gurindji Kriol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -17.450001, "longitude": 130.983337}, "name": "Gurindji Kriol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [130.983337, -17.450001]}, "id": "72"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "75-15-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19969, "valueset_pk": 18487, "domainelement_pk": 241, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 241, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "15-2", "name": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 58, "number": 2, "abbr": "Inclusive and exclusive differentiated"}, "valueset": {"pk": 18487, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "wals_value_number": 5, "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "75-15", "description": "Inclusive and exclusive are differentiated in Cree verbs and pronouns (very certain).\nThere is no differentiation in French verbs or pronouns (intermediate), but in nominal possession many speakers distinguish inclusive and exclusive possession, even with French nouns. The Turtle Mountain variety does not seem to make this distinction in pronominal possession.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 73, "parameter_pk": 58, "contribution_pk": 73, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Michif", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 73, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 72, "jsondata": {}, "id": "75", "name": "Michif", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 48.833332, "longitude": -99.800003}, "name": "Michif"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-99.800003, 48.833332]}, "id": "75"}]}