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"data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 15, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 14, "jsondata": {}, "id": "22", "name": "Tok Pisin", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -9.5, "longitude": 147.166672}, "name": "Tok Pisin"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [147.166672, -9.5]}, "id": "22"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "38-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 10246, "valueset_pk": 9385, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 9385, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "38-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 32, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 32, "source": "Own fieldwork 1993"}}], "label": "Fa d\u2019Amb\u00f4", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 32, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 31, "jsondata": {}, "id": "38", "name": "Fa d\u2019Amb\u00f4", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -1.433333, "longitude": 5.633333}, "name": "Fa d\u2019Amb\u00f4"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [5.633333, -1.433333]}, "id": "38"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "44-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 11804, "valueset_pk": 10834, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 10834, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "44-104", "description": "Ternate Chabacano is a VSO language and the normal position of the subject is after the verb. Normally focussing happens when the subject is initial mi t\u00e1ta yas\u00e9 kel k\u00e1sa 'my FATHER did the house'.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 39, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 39, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Ternate Chabacano", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 39, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 38, "jsondata": {}, "id": "44", "name": "Ternate Chabacano", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 13.269707, "longitude": 120.675201}, "name": "Ternate Chabacano"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [120.675201, 13.269707]}, "id": "44"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "68-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 18269, "valueset_pk": 16874, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 16874, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFB6C1.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "68-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 65, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 65, "source": null}}], "label": "Ambon Malay", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZCNkMxOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 65, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Malay", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 64, "jsondata": {}, "id": "68", "name": "Ambon Malay", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -3.7, "longitude": 128.149994}, "name": "Ambon Malay"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [128.149994, -3.7]}, "id": "68"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "1-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 137, "valueset_pk": 103, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 103, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "1-104", "description": "The highlighter is the copula da. \nIn general there is no element separating the clefted constituent from the rest of the clause. \nOccasionally (particularly in Weygandt 1798 and Schumann 1781) the relativizer disi appears in cleft-like constructions; such cases can sometimes but not always receive an alternative analysis involving a true relative clause.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 1, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 1, "source": null}}], "label": "Early Sranan", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 1, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 1, "jsondata": {}, "id": "1", "name": "Early Sranan", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.833333, "longitude": -55.6}, "name": "Early Sranan"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-55.6, 5.833333]}, "id": "1"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "2-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 412, "valueset_pk": 351, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 351, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "2-104", "description": "The examples 272, 273 and 120 represent cases of contrastive or identificational focus. there are also cases of presentational or information focus, such as example 274.\n\nThere are also cases of left dislocation (with use of resumptive pronoun) and topicalization of constituents without a focus marker. these are not focus constructions, however.\n\noh, wan kronto srefi oom n. no man kapu?\t\n[oh one coconut self uncle n neg can cut]\n\u2018oh, even a coconut uncle n. can\u2019t cut?\u2019 (Winford & Migge 2008: 705)", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 12, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 12, "source": null}}], "label": "Sranan", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 12, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 12, "jsondata": {}, "id": "2", "name": "Sranan", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.833333, "longitude": -55.0}, "name": "Sranan"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-55.0, 5.833333]}, "id": "2"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "3-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 683, "valueset_pk": 597, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 597, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "3-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 23, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 23, "source": null}}], "label": "Saramaccan", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 23, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 22, "jsondata": {}, "id": "3", "name": "Saramaccan", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 4.5, "longitude": -55.5}, "name": "Saramaccan"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-55.5, 4.5]}, "id": "3"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "5-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1238, "valueset_pk": 1099, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 1099, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "5-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 45, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 45, "source": null}}], "label": "Creolese", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 45, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 44, "jsondata": {}, "id": "5", "name": "Creolese", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 6.8, "longitude": -58.166668}, "name": "Creolese"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-58.166668, 6.8]}, "id": "5"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "6-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1501, "valueset_pk": 1346, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 1346, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "6-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 56, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 56, "source": null}}], "label": "Trinidad English Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 56, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 55, "jsondata": {}, "id": "6", "name": "Trinidad English Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 10.633333, "longitude": -61.283333}, "name": "Trinidad English Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-61.283333, 10.633333]}, "id": "6"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "8-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2052, "valueset_pk": 1850, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 1850, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "8-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 75, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 75, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Jamaican", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 75, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 74, "jsondata": {}, "id": "8", "name": "Jamaican", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 18.0, "longitude": -77.5}, "name": "Jamaican"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-77.5, 18.0]}, "id": "8"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "10-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2593, "valueset_pk": 2355, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle 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"name": "San Andres Creole English"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-81.366669, 13.35]}, "id": "10"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "11-104-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2861, "valueset_pk": 2607, "domainelement_pk": 41, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 41, "jsondata": {"color": "0000FF"}, "id": "104-2", "name": "Cleft with copula after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 2, "abbr": "Cleft with copula after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 2607, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "11-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 3, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 3, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Nicaraguan Creole English", "icon": 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"104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 3612, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "15-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 7, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 7, "source": null}}], "label": "Krio", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 7, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 7, "jsondata": {}, "id": "15", "name": "Krio", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 8.483333, "longitude": -13.2}, "name": "Krio"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-13.2, 8.483333]}, "id": "15"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "16-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 4222, "valueset_pk": 3864, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 3864, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "16-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 8, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 8, "source": null}}], "label": "Ghanaian Pidgin English", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 8, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 8, "jsondata": {}, "id": "16", "name": "Ghanaian Pidgin English", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.558582, "longitude": -0.20874}, "name": "Ghanaian Pidgin English"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-0.20874, 5.558582]}, "id": "16"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "18-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 4795, "valueset_pk": 4371, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 4371, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "18-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 10, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 10, "source": null}}], "label": "Cameroon Pidgin English", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 10, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 10, "jsondata": {}, "id": "18", "name": "Cameroon Pidgin English", "description": null, "markup_description": null, 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null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6401, "valueset_pk": 5858, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 5858, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "24-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 17, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 17, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Norf'k", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 17, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 16, "jsondata": {}, "id": "24", "name": "Norf'k", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -29.033209, "longitude": 167.957947}, "name": "Norf'k"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [167.957947, -29.033209]}, "id": "24"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "26-104-8", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6943, "valueset_pk": 6354, "domainelement_pk": 47, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 47, "jsondata": {"color": "808080"}, "id": "104-8", "name": "Bare fronting (without particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 8, "abbr": "Bare fronting (without particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6354, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "26-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 19, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 19, "source": null}}], "label": "Hawai\u2018i Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojODA4MDgwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 19, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 18, "jsondata": {}, "id": "26", "name": "Hawai\u2018i Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 21.5, "longitude": -158.0}, "name": "Hawai\u2018i Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-158.0, 21.5]}, "id": "26"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "27-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7202, "valueset_pk": 6598, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6598, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "27-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 20, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 20, "source": null}}], "label": "Negerhollands", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 20, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Dutch", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 19, "jsondata": {}, "id": "27", "name": "Negerhollands", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 18.333332, "longitude": -64.75}, "name": "Negerhollands"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-64.75, 18.333332]}, "id": "27"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "31-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8311, "valueset_pk": 7601, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7601, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "31-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 25, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 25, "source": null}}], "label": "Cape Verdean Creole of Brava", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 25, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 24, "jsondata": {}, "id": "31", "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of Brava", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 14.833333, "longitude": -24.8}, "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of Brava"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-24.8, 14.833333]}, "id": "31"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "35-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9424, "valueset_pk": 8620, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8620, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "35-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 29, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 29, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Santome", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 29, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 28, "jsondata": {}, "id": "35", "name": "Santome", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 0.33285, "longitude": 6.88}, "name": "Santome"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [6.88, 0.33285]}, "id": "35"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "39-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 10511, "valueset_pk": 9632, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 9632, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "39-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 33, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 33, "source": null}}], "label": "Diu Indo-Portuguese", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 33, "region": "South Asia", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 32, "jsondata": {}, "id": "39", "name": "Diu Indo-Portuguese", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 20.713087, "longitude": 70.984726}, "name": "Diu Indo-Portuguese"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [70.984726, 20.713087]}, "id": "39"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "40-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 10783, "valueset_pk": 9884, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 9884, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "40-104", "description": "The focus construction in Korlai is: NP REL COP + SENTENCE. It is commonly used. An example from natural speech is given as Example 138.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 35, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 35, "source": "Unpublished story"}}], "label": "Korlai", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 35, "region": "South Asia", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 34, "jsondata": {}, "id": "40", "name": "Korlai", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 18.516666, "longitude": 72.900002}, "name": "Korlai"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.900002, 18.516666]}, "id": "40"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "42-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 11325, "valueset_pk": 10387, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 10387, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "42-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 37, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 37, "source": null}}], "label": "Papi\u00e1 Kristang", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 37, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 36, "jsondata": {}, "id": "42", "name": "Papi\u00e1 Kristang", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 2.225545, "longitude": 102.251129}, "name": "Papi\u00e1 Kristang"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [102.251129, 2.225545]}, "id": "42"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "46-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12345, "valueset_pk": 11337, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11337, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "46-104", "description": "Amo is of Philippine (Visayan) origin.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 41, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 41, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Zamboanga Chabacano", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 41, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 40, "jsondata": {}, "id": "46", "name": "Zamboanga Chabacano", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 7.0, "longitude": 122.083336}, "name": "Zamboanga Chabacano"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [122.083336, 7.0]}, "id": "46"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "48-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12879, "valueset_pk": 11835, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11835, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FF0000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "48-104", "description": "Nominal clefting has not been studied in any depth in Palenquero. The observations provided here are thus tentative.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 43, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 43, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Palenquero", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 43, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 42, "jsondata": {}, "id": "48", "name": "Palenquero", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 10.10318, "longitude": -75.198807}, "name": "Palenquero"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-75.198807, 10.10318]}, "id": "48"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "52-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13990, "valueset_pk": 12862, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12862, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFB6C1.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "52-104", "description": "In Guyanais, a also is the phonetically reduced form of the postposed definite article and the second part of the pre- and postponed demonstrative (< la, probably from french l\u00e0). The highlighter, however, is said to have an Arawak origin, see Pf\u00e4nder (2000) and Haza\u00ebl-Massieux (1993) for details.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 48, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 48, "source": null}}], "label": "Guyanais", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZCNkMxOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 48, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 47, "jsondata": {}, "id": "52", "name": "Guyanais", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 3.922142, "longitude": -51.792297}, "name": "Guyanais"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-51.792297, 3.922142]}, "id": "52"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "57-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15359, "valueset_pk": 14129, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14129, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "57-104", "description": "This construction might be influenced by a decreolized environment. I am not sure whether it is typical of core creole.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 53, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 53, "source": null}}], "label": "Tayo", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojODAwMDgwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 53, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 52, "jsondata": {}, "id": "57", "name": "Tayo", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -22.0, "longitude": 166.333328}, "name": "Tayo"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [166.333328, -22.0]}, "id": "57"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "58-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15616, "valueset_pk": 14380, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14380, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFB6C1.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "58-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 54, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 54, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Kikongo-Kituba", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZCNkMxOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 54, "region": "Central and East Africa", "lexifier": "Bantu", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 53, "jsondata": {}, "id": "58", "name": "Kikongo-Kituba", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -4.565474, "longitude": 17.666016}, "name": "Kikongo-Kituba"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [17.666016, -4.565474]}, "id": "58"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "60-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 16160, "valueset_pk": 14881, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14881, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "60-104", "description": "A highlighter (focus marker) is always used. In the case of subject cleft constructions (It was Pierre who hit Paul), the focus remains in front, as is the case in the declarative. In the case of object cleft constructions (It was Paul whom Pierre hit), the focus is fronted as compared to the word order in the corresponding declarative.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 57, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 57, "source": null}}], "label": "Lingala", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 57, "region": "Central and East Africa", "lexifier": "Bantu", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 56, "jsondata": {}, "id": "60", "name": "Lingala", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -1.675176, "longitude": 16.671753}, "name": "Lingala"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [16.671753, -1.675176]}, "id": "60"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "66-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 17734, "valueset_pk": 16373, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 16373, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "66-104", "description": "The post-constituent jo can focus a constituent without the constituent needing to be displaced, and there is no copula\nas in actual cleft consructions.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 63, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 63, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Sri Lankan Malay", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 63, "region": "South Asia", "lexifier": "Malay", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 62, "jsondata": {}, "id": "66", "name": "Sri Lankan Malay", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 7.0, "longitude": 81.25}, "name": "Sri Lankan Malay"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [81.25, 7.0]}, "id": "66"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "67-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 18003, "valueset_pk": 16623, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 16623, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "67-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 64, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 64, "source": null}}], "label": "Singapore Bazaar Malay", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojODAwMDgwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 64, "region": "Southeast Asia", "lexifier": "Malay", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 63, "jsondata": {}, "id": "67", "name": "Singapore Bazaar Malay", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 1.329226, "longitude": 104.9}, "name": "Singapore Bazaar Malay"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [104.9, 1.329226]}, "id": "67"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "71-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19006, "valueset_pk": 17576, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 17576, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "71-104", "description": "The relative particle ka mea/kela mea was used in clefting constructions in Pidgin Hawaiian, without a highlighter or copula. The lexifier instead uses a non-copula highlighter (based on the benefactive marker) in the case of clefted subjects.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 69, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 69, "source": "Own data 1898"}}], "label": "Pidgin Hawaiian", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 69, "region": "Pacific", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 68, "jsondata": {}, "id": "71", "name": "Pidgin Hawaiian", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 19.8, "longitude": -156.85}, "name": "Pidgin Hawaiian"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-156.85, 19.8]}, "id": "71"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "73-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19531, "valueset_pk": 18071, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 18071, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "73-104", "description": "Focus is accomplished through the placement of the evidential particles. Ordinarily there is predicate focus, but other elements may be focused upon as well.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 71, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 71, "source": null}}], "label": "Media Lengua", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 71, "region": "South America", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 70, "jsondata": {}, "id": "73", "name": "Media Lengua", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -1.816667, "longitude": -78.199997}, "name": "Media Lengua"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-78.199997, -1.816667]}, "id": "73"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "75-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 20085, "valueset_pk": 18576, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 100.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 18576, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-100-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 1}, "id": "75-104", "description": "No highlighter or focus particle is used in cleft construction. A focused noun phrase is marked in the verb, in that it gets a different inflection, typical for subordinate clauses, than in main clauses. The difference can be illustrated with the contrasting sentences translated as 'He\ncatches the ball' (main clause verb; so-called independent order) and 'It is him who catches' or 'He is the catcher'. \n\nWiya kaashchitin-eew la plot.\n[he catch-3SBJ.3OBJ the ball]\n\nWiya kaa-kawshchitin-iwee-t\n[he REL-catch-INDF.OBJ-3]\n\nIntuitively a construction with a copula sounds plausible, but we have no example in our data.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 73, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 73, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Michif", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIxNy4wIiBjeT0iMTcuMCIgcj0iMTYuMCIgc3R5bGU9InN0cm9rZTpibGFjazsgZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGOyI+PC9jaXJjbGU+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "language": {"pk": 73, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 72, "jsondata": {}, "id": "75", "name": "Michif", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 48.833332, "longitude": -99.800003}, "name": "Michif"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-99.800003, 48.833332]}, "id": "75"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "55-104-4", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14821, "valueset_pk": 13622, "domainelement_pk": 43, "frequency": 77.7777777777778, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 43, "jsondata": {"color": "ADD8E6"}, "id": "104-4", "name": "Cleft with focus particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 4, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13622, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-12-FF0000-78-ADD8E6-12-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "55-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 51, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 51, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "55-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14820, "valueset_pk": 13622, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 11.1111111111111, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13622, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-12-FF0000-78-ADD8E6-12-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "55-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 51, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 51, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "55-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14822, "valueset_pk": 13622, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 11.1111111111111, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13622, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-12-FF0000-78-ADD8E6-12-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "55-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 51, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 51, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Mauritian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 51, "region": "Indian Ocean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 50, "jsondata": {}, "id": "55", "name": "Mauritian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -20.0, "longitude": 58.0}, "name": "Mauritian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [58.0, -20.0]}, "id": "55"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "29-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7768, "valueset_pk": 7099, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 75.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7099, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-75-FF0000-25-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "29-104", "description": "Value \"Cleft with copula before focus\" is always constructed with dit 'it\u2019, dis being the contracted form of dit is ('it is').", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 22, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 22, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "29-104-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7767, "valueset_pk": 7099, "domainelement_pk": 41, "frequency": 25.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 41, "jsondata": {"color": "0000FF"}, "id": "104-2", "name": "Cleft with copula after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 2, "abbr": "Cleft with copula after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7099, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-75-FF0000-25-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "29-104", "description": "Value \"Cleft with copula before focus\" is always constructed with dit 'it\u2019, dis being the contracted form of dit is ('it is').", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 22, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 22, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Afrikaans", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 22, "region": "Southern Africa", "lexifier": "Dutch", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 21, "jsondata": {}, "id": "29", "name": "Afrikaans", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -33.866669, "longitude": 18.6}, "name": "Afrikaans"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [18.6, -33.866669]}, "id": "29"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "28-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7475, "valueset_pk": 6846, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 70.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6846, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-70-FF0000-30-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "28-104", "description": "Focus of nominals is optionally introduced by a highlighter da (homophonous with the equative copula). With da present, the right edge is optionally marked by focus marker sa/so. The background clause is never introduced by a subordinating element, suggesting that it does not have the status of a relative clause.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 21, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 21, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "28-104-8", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 7476, "valueset_pk": 6846, "domainelement_pk": 47, "frequency": 30.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 47, "jsondata": {"color": "808080"}, "id": "104-8", "name": "Bare fronting (without particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 8, "abbr": "Bare fronting (without particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6846, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-70-FF0000-30-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "28-104", "description": "Focus of nominals is optionally introduced by a highlighter da (homophonous with the equative copula). With da present, the right edge is optionally marked by focus marker sa/so. The background clause is never introduced by a subordinating element, suggesting that it does not have the status of a relative clause.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 21, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 21, "source": null}}], "label": "Berbice Dutch", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 21, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Dutch", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 20, "jsondata": {}, "id": "28", "name": "Berbice Dutch", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.611373, "longitude": -57.870827}, "name": "Berbice Dutch"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-57.870827, 5.611373]}, "id": "28"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "32-104-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8592, "valueset_pk": 7853, "domainelement_pk": 41, "frequency": 53.8461538461538, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 41, "jsondata": {"color": "0000FF"}, "id": "104-2", "name": "Cleft with copula after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 2, "abbr": "Cleft with copula after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7853, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-24-FF0000-54-0000FF-24-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "32-104", "description": "Value 6: Copula + Focus + Copula Highlighter", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 26, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 26, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "32-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8591, "valueset_pk": 7853, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 23.0769230769231, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7853, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-24-FF0000-54-0000FF-24-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "32-104", "description": "Value 6: Copula + Focus + Copula Highlighter", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 26, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 26, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "32-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8590, "valueset_pk": 7853, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 23.0769230769231, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7853, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-24-FF0000-54-0000FF-24-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 3}, "id": "32-104", "description": "Value 6: Copula + Focus + Copula Highlighter", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 26, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 26, "source": null}}], "label": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 26, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 25, "jsondata": {}, "id": "32", "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 16.866667, "longitude": -24.983334}, "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of S\u00e3o Vicente"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-24.983334, 16.866667]}, "id": "32"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "9-104-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2333, "valueset_pk": 2103, "domainelement_pk": 41, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 41, "jsondata": {"color": "0000FF"}, "id": "104-2", "name": "Cleft with copula after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 2, "abbr": "Cleft with copula after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 2103, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "9-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 76, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 76, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "9-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 2334, "valueset_pk": 2103, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 2103, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "9-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 76, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 76, "source": null}}], "label": "Belizean Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 76, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 75, "jsondata": {}, "id": "9", "name": "Belizean Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 17.533333, "longitude": -88.25}, "name": "Belizean Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-88.25, 17.533333]}, "id": "9"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "13-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 3418, "valueset_pk": 3113, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 3113, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFFFFF-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "13-104", "description": "It seems that the focus construction N the one wa ___ often takes the place of cleft-constructions of the 'It is N who ___' type; the latter has been reported in Mufwene (2004: 368). This is an obvious calque on the English focus construction of the type 'John is the one who has your book (not Jack).' In this case the one could be called a dummy NP predicate. This construction would not normally be called a cleft, but it qualifies as one under the definition given for this feature.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 5, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 5, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "13-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 3417, "valueset_pk": 3113, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": null, "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 3113, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFFFFF-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "13-104", "description": "It seems that the focus construction N the one wa ___ often takes the place of cleft-constructions of the 'It is N who ___' type; the latter has been reported in Mufwene (2004: 368). This is an obvious calque on the English focus construction of the type 'John is the one who has your book (not Jack).' In this case the one could be called a dummy NP predicate. This construction would not normally be called a cleft, but it qualifies as one under the definition given for this feature.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 5, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 5, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Gullah", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 5, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 5, "jsondata": {}, "id": "13", "name": "Gullah", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 31.0, "longitude": -81.5}, "name": "Gullah"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-81.5, 31.0]}, "id": "13"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "50-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13449, "valueset_pk": 12350, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12350, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "50-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 46, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 46, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "50-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13450, "valueset_pk": 12350, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12350, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "50-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 46, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 46, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Guadeloupean Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 46, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 45, "jsondata": {}, "id": "50", "name": "Guadeloupean Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 15.933333, "longitude": -61.266666}, "name": "Guadeloupean Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-61.266666, 15.933333]}, "id": "50"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "72-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19278, "valueset_pk": 17826, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 17826, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-800080-50-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "72-104", "description": "How information is structured in Gurindji Kriol is not clear.\n\nOne construction which accords prominence to an actor and has focus-like properties, in this sense, involves a subject being marked ergative (Gurindji Kriol is an optional ergative language) and a resumptive pronoun.\n\nAnother construction which may be considered a cleft construction is the Kriol-derived dats da. This construction is derived from the English that's the. What is interesting is that dats and da are not used in Gurindji Kriol independently.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 70, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 70, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "72-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 19277, "valueset_pk": 17826, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Uncertain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 17826, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-800080-50-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "72-104", "description": "How information is structured in Gurindji Kriol is not clear.\n\nOne construction which accords prominence to an actor and has focus-like properties, in this sense, involves a subject being marked ergative (Gurindji Kriol is an optional ergative language) and a resumptive pronoun.\n\nAnother construction which may be considered a cleft construction is the Kriol-derived dats da. This construction is derived from the English that's the. What is interesting is that dats and da are not used in Gurindji Kriol independently.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 70, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 70, "source": null}}], "label": "Gurindji Kriol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 70, "region": "Australia", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 69, "jsondata": {}, "id": "72", "name": "Gurindji Kriol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -17.450001, "longitude": 130.983337}, "name": "Gurindji Kriol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [130.983337, -17.450001]}, "id": "72"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "25-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6679, "valueset_pk": 6105, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6105, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "25-104", "description": "There seem to be two ways of expressing nominal identification focus in Kriol: One is by a cleft construction, the other just by fronting and giving prosodic prominence to the focused constituent, which is also followed by the particle na. \n\nThe cleft construction is not well attested and it is not clear whether all varieties have it. In the attested examples it involves, in the clefted clause, the recognitional demonstrative thet~jet~det (see Feature 28 \"Definite articles\") and a marker the~tha~je~da~sa which also occurs in simple equational clauses, but is restricted to this function (see e.g. Example 197). Despite having its origin in the English definite article, it is analyzed here as a copula restricted to equational clauses, following Hudson (1985): \"There is not much doubt that da is derived from the English article which has been reanalyzed. This is not surprising since the copula in English is almost elided in such sentences as 'He's a teacher' and the article has been interpreted as the linking word. (...) For this reason I have analysed da as a linking device rather than an article\" (Hudson 1985: 89). \n(Hudson however does not discuss clefts).\n\nThe background clause is unmarked, and exhibits the unmarked subject relative clause strategy also attested in Kriol (see Feature 92 \"Subject relative clauses\").", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 18, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 18, "source": "Fieldwork Schultze-Berndt"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "25-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 6680, "valueset_pk": 6105, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Intermediate", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 6105, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "25-104", "description": "There seem to be two ways of expressing nominal identification focus in Kriol: One is by a cleft construction, the other just by fronting and giving prosodic prominence to the focused constituent, which is also followed by the particle na. \n\nThe cleft construction is not well attested and it is not clear whether all varieties have it. In the attested examples it involves, in the clefted clause, the recognitional demonstrative thet~jet~det (see Feature 28 \"Definite articles\") and a marker the~tha~je~da~sa which also occurs in simple equational clauses, but is restricted to this function (see e.g. Example 197). Despite having its origin in the English definite article, it is analyzed here as a copula restricted to equational clauses, following Hudson (1985): \"There is not much doubt that da is derived from the English article which has been reanalyzed. This is not surprising since the copula in English is almost elided in such sentences as 'He's a teacher' and the article has been interpreted as the linking word. (...) For this reason I have analysed da as a linking device rather than an article\" (Hudson 1985: 89). \n(Hudson however does not discuss clefts).\n\nThe background clause is unmarked, and exhibits the unmarked subject relative clause strategy also attested in Kriol (see Feature 92 \"Subject relative clauses\").", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 18, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 18, "source": "Fieldwork Schultze-Berndt"}}], "label": "Kriol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8cGF0aCBkPSJNMTcuMCwxNy4wIEwxLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDMzLjAgMTcuMCBMMTcuMCwxNy4wIiBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojRkZGRjAwO3N0cm9rZTpub25lOyIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJyb3RhdGUoOTAgMTcuMCAxNy4wKSI+PC9wYXRoPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xNy4wLDE3LjAgTDMzLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDEuMCAxNy4wIEwxNy4wLDE3LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJmaWxsOiNGRjAwMDA7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7IiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InJvdGF0ZSg5MCAxNy4wIDE3LjApIj48L3BhdGg+PGNpcmNsZSBjeD0iMTcuMCIgY3k9IjE3LjAiIHI9IjE2LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJzdHJva2U6YmxhY2s7IGZpbGw6bm9uZTsiLz4KPC9zdmc+", "language": {"pk": 18, "region": "Australia", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 17, "jsondata": {}, "id": "25", "name": "Kriol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -14.833333, "longitude": 135.0}, "name": "Kriol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [135.0, -14.833333]}, "id": "25"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "7-104-2", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1782, "valueset_pk": 1598, "domainelement_pk": 41, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 41, "jsondata": {"color": "0000FF"}, "id": "104-2", "name": "Cleft with copula after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 2, "abbr": "Cleft with copula after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 1598, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "7-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 67, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 67, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "7-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 1783, "valueset_pk": 1598, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 1598, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-0000FF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "7-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 67, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 67, "source": null}}], "label": "Vincentian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 67, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "English", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 66, "jsondata": {}, "id": "7", "name": "Vincentian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 13.133333, "longitude": -61.216667}, "name": "Vincentian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-61.216667, 13.133333]}, "id": "7"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "30-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8042, "valueset_pk": 7349, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7349, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "30-104", "description": "The copula can be left out. In wh-questions, it hardly ever occurs: Undi ki bu bai? 'Where did you go?\u2019 etc.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 24, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 24, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "30-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8043, "valueset_pk": 7349, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 7349, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "30-104", "description": "The copula can be left out. In wh-questions, it hardly ever occurs: Undi ki bu bai? 'Where did you go?\u2019 etc.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 24, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 24, "source": null}}], "label": "Cape Verdean Creole of Santiago", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 24, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 23, "jsondata": {}, "id": "30", "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of Santiago", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 15.083333, "longitude": -22.616667}, "name": "Cape Verdean Creole of Santiago"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-22.616667, 15.083333]}, "id": "30"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "33-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8859, "valueset_pk": 8107, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8107, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "33-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 27, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 27, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "33-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 8860, "valueset_pk": 8107, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8107, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "33-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 27, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 27, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8cGF0aCBkPSJNMTcuMCwxNy4wIEwxLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDMzLjAgMTcuMCBMMTcuMCwxNy4wIiBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojRkYwMDAwO3N0cm9rZTpub25lOyIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJyb3RhdGUoOTAgMTcuMCAxNy4wKSI+PC9wYXRoPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xNy4wLDE3LjAgTDMzLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDEuMCAxNy4wIEwxNy4wLDE3LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7IiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InJvdGF0ZSg5MCAxNy4wIDE3LjApIj48L3BhdGg+PGNpcmNsZSBjeD0iMTcuMCIgY3k9IjE3LjAiIHI9IjE2LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJzdHJva2U6YmxhY2s7IGZpbGw6bm9uZTsiLz4KPC9zdmc+", "language": {"pk": 27, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 26, "jsondata": {}, "id": "33", "name": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 11.9, "longitude": -15.0}, "name": "Guinea-Bissau Kriyol"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-15.0, 11.9]}, "id": "33"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "34-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9140, "valueset_pk": 8360, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8360, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "34-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 28, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 28, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "34-104-8", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9141, "valueset_pk": 8360, "domainelement_pk": 47, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 47, "jsondata": {"color": "808080"}, "id": "104-8", "name": "Bare fronting (without particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 8, "abbr": "Bare fronting (without particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8360, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "34-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 28, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 28, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Casamancese Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 28, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 27, "jsondata": {}, "id": "34", "name": "Casamancese Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 12.7, "longitude": -16.274}, "name": "Casamancese Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-16.274, 12.7]}, "id": "34"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "36-104-4", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9703, "valueset_pk": 8881, "domainelement_pk": 43, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 43, "jsondata": {"color": "ADD8E6"}, "id": "104-4", "name": "Cleft with focus particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 4, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8881, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-ADD8E6-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "36-104", "description": "The relative pronouns are not obligatory after the focus marker th\u00f4.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 30, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 30, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "36-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 9704, "valueset_pk": 8881, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 8881, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-ADD8E6-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "36-104", "description": "The relative pronouns are not obligatory after the focus marker th\u00f4.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 30, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 30, "source": null}}], "label": "Angolar", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 30, "region": "West Africa", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 29, "jsondata": {}, "id": "36", "name": "Angolar", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 0.134582, "longitude": 6.48}, "name": "Angolar"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [6.48, 0.134582]}, "id": "36"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "41-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 11060, "valueset_pk": 10139, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 10139, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFFF00-50-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "41-104", "description": "Comment on value 9. The focussed constituent and focus-marker are \nright-dislocated, where it bears the main sentence stress and \nacompanying intonation drop. (This contrasts with syntactically \nunintegrated coda elements which appear on low pitch after the main \nintonation drop on the verb.)\n\nNominal focus can also be accomplished without clefting by leaving the focused constituent in situ and marking it with the focus particle (example 55).", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 36, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 36, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "41-104-9", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 11061, "valueset_pk": 10139, "domainelement_pk": 48, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 48, "jsondata": {"color": "000000"}, "id": "104-9", "name": "In situ focusing (with particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 9, "abbr": "In situ focusing (with particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 10139, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFFF00-50-000000.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "41-104", "description": "Comment on value 9. The focussed constituent and focus-marker are \nright-dislocated, where it bears the main sentence stress and \nacompanying intonation drop. (This contrasts with syntactically \nunintegrated coda elements which appear on low pitch after the main \nintonation drop on the verb.)\n\nNominal focus can also be accomplished without clefting by leaving the focused constituent in situ and marking it with the focus particle (example 55).", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 36, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 36, "source": null}}], "label": "Sri Lanka Portuguese", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 36, "region": "South Asia", "lexifier": "Portuguese", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 35, "jsondata": {}, "id": "41", "name": "Sri Lanka Portuguese", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 8.5, "longitude": 81.686096}, "name": "Sri Lanka Portuguese"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [81.686096, 8.5]}, "id": "41"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "47-104-8", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12612, "valueset_pk": 11583, "domainelement_pk": 47, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 47, "jsondata": {"color": "808080"}, "id": "104-8", "name": "Bare fronting (without particle)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 8, "abbr": "Bare fronting (without particle)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11583, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "47-104", "description": "Muysken (1977) describes the properties of ta-fronting as similar to those of wh-movement, including the possibility of a long distance relation. The presence of the highlighter is not required, however.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 42, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 42, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "47-104-1", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 12613, "valueset_pk": 11583, "domainelement_pk": 40, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 40, "jsondata": {"color": "FF0000"}, "id": "104-1", "name": "Cleft with copula before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 1, "abbr": "Cleft with copula before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 11583, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FF0000-50-808080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "47-104", "description": "Muysken (1977) describes the properties of ta-fronting as similar to those of wh-movement, including the possibility of a long distance relation. The presence of the highlighter is not required, however.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 42, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 42, "source": null}}], "label": "Papiamentu", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 42, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "Spanish", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 41, "jsondata": {}, "id": "47", "name": "Papiamentu", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 12.25, "longitude": -69.0}, "name": "Papiamentu"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-69.0, 12.25]}, "id": "47"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "49-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13169, "valueset_pk": 12097, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12097, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "49-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 44, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 44, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "49-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13170, "valueset_pk": 12097, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12097, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "49-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 44, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 44, "source": null}}], "label": "Haitian Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 44, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 43, "jsondata": {}, "id": "49", "name": "Haitian Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 19.0, "longitude": -72.5}, "name": "Haitian Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-72.5, 19.0]}, "id": "49"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "51-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13722, "valueset_pk": 12606, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12606, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "51-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 47, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 47, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "51-104-5", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 13723, "valueset_pk": 12606, "domainelement_pk": 44, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 44, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFFFF"}, "id": "104-5", "name": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 5, "abbr": "Bare cleft (without highlighter)"}, "valueset": {"pk": 12606, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFFFF.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "51-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 47, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 47, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Martinican Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 47, "region": "Caribbean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 46, "jsondata": {}, "id": "51", "name": "Martinican Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 14.633333, "longitude": -60.983334}, "name": "Martinican Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-60.983334, 14.633333]}, "id": "51"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "53-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14263, "valueset_pk": 13113, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13113, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "53-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 49, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 49, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "53-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14264, "valueset_pk": 13113, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13113, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "53-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 49, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 49, "source": null}}], "label": "Louisiana Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzNCIgd2lkdGg9IjM0Ij4KICA8cGF0aCBkPSJNMTcuMCwxNy4wIEwxLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDMzLjAgMTcuMCBMMTcuMCwxNy4wIiBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojODAwMDgwO3N0cm9rZTpub25lOyIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJyb3RhdGUoOTAgMTcuMCAxNy4wKSI+PC9wYXRoPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xNy4wLDE3LjAgTDMzLjAsMTcuMCBBMTYuMCwxNi4wIDAgMCwxIDEuMCAxNy4wIEwxNy4wLDE3LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJmaWxsOiNGRkI2QzE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7IiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InJvdGF0ZSg5MCAxNy4wIDE3LjApIj48L3BhdGg+PGNpcmNsZSBjeD0iMTcuMCIgY3k9IjE3LjAiIHI9IjE2LjAiIHN0eWxlPSJzdHJva2U6YmxhY2s7IGZpbGw6bm9uZTsiLz4KPC9zdmc+", "language": {"pk": 49, "region": "North America", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 48, "jsondata": {}, "id": "53", "name": "Louisiana Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 30.166668, "longitude": -91.833336}, "name": "Louisiana Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-91.833336, 30.166668]}, "id": "53"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "54-104-3", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14538, "valueset_pk": 13366, "domainelement_pk": 42, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 42, "jsondata": {"color": "FFB6C1"}, "id": "104-3", "name": "Cleft with focus particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 3, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13366, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "54-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 50, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 50, "source": "Own knowledge"}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "54-104-6", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 14539, "valueset_pk": 13366, "domainelement_pk": 45, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 45, "jsondata": {"color": "800080"}, "id": "104-6", "name": "Fronting with particle before focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 6, "abbr": "Fronting with particle before focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 13366, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-800080.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "54-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 50, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 50, "source": "Own knowledge"}}], "label": "Reunion Creole", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 50, "region": "Indian Ocean", "lexifier": "French", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 49, "jsondata": {}, "id": "54", "name": "Reunion Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -20.950001, "longitude": 55.650002}, "name": "Reunion Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [55.650002, -20.950001]}, "id": "54"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "59-104-4", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15887, "valueset_pk": 14629, "domainelement_pk": 43, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 43, "jsondata": {"color": "ADD8E6"}, "id": "104-4", "name": "Cleft with focus particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 4, "abbr": "Cleft with focus particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14629, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-ADD8E6-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "59-104", "description": "Si and laa are used as highlighters. The particle laa with its variant la is used in many ways, only some of which are seen in the examples. It seems to me that its use is more elaborated (developed) than it was in the 1950s. I wonder if some of its uses reveal a merging with French la.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 55, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 55, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "59-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 15888, "valueset_pk": 14629, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 14629, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-ADD8E6-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "59-104", "description": "Si and laa are used as highlighters. The particle laa with its variant la is used in many ways, only some of which are seen in the examples. It seems to me that its use is more elaborated (developed) than it was in the 1950s. I wonder if some of its uses reveal a merging with French la.", "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 55, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 55, "source": null}}], "label": "Sango", "icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,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", "language": {"pk": 55, "region": "Central and East Africa", "lexifier": "Other", "language_pk": null, "survey_pk": 54, "jsondata": {}, "id": "59", "name": "Sango", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": 5.0, "longitude": 18.0}, "name": "Sango"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [18.0, 5.0]}, "id": "59"}, {"type": "Feature", "properties": {"values": [{"jsondata": {}, "id": "64-104-7", "name": null, "description": null, "markup_description": null, "pk": 17219, "valueset_pk": 15886, "domainelement_pk": 46, "frequency": 50.0, "confidence": "Very certain", "domainelement": {"pk": 46, "jsondata": {"color": "FFFF00"}, "id": "104-7", "name": "Fronting with particle after focus", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "parameter_pk": 8, "number": 7, "abbr": "Fronting with particle after focus"}, "valueset": {"pk": 15886, "jsondata": {"icon": "pie-50-FFB6C1-50-FFFF00.png", "_number_of_values": 2}, "id": "64-104", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "language_pk": 61, "parameter_pk": 8, "contribution_pk": 61, "source": null}}, {"jsondata": {}, "id": "64-104-3", "name": 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"name": "Seychelles Creole", "description": null, "markup_description": null, "latitude": -4.75, "longitude": 55.5}, "name": "Seychelles Creole"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [55.5, -4.75]}, "id": "56"}]}