Datapoint Michif/Negative morpheme types

Four negative morphemes are used in declarative sentences in Michif.

The particles namu/namuya and noo (with variants) are the most common ones.

In addition, if there is a focused constituent, a marker eeka kan be used, normally limited to subordinate clauses.

Finally, the marker pa/pat, normally used to negate noun phrases, can also be used for negating sentences with a copula or with an adjectival predicate.

Values

Negative particle

Example 75-128:
Namoya lii bitaen eekwa kiimiyeewak.
Namoya
neg
lii
art.pl
bitaen
clothing
eekwa
also
kii-miy-eew-ak.
pst-give-3.sbj.3.obj-pl
They did not give her clothes.

Source: Fleury 2007

Example 75-129:
Namo kakiiituhtew wiya.
Namo
neg
kakii-ituhte-w
able-go-3
wiya.
3sg
She was not able to go.

Source: Fleury 2007

Example 75-220:
Namo wihkomikaashow.
Namo
neg
wihkom-ikaasho-w.
invite-pass-3
She had not been invited. OR: She is not invited.

Source: Fleury 2007

Example 75-251:
Maka noo wiiwiihtamaweew taanishi chiishipayihk.
Maka
but
noo
neg
wii-wiihtamaw-eew
desid-tell-3.sbj.3obj
taanishi
how
chi-ishipayi-hk.
comp.fut-happen-indf.ACTOR
But she would not say what was going to happen.

Source: Fleury 2007

Example 75-252:
Nuu kinashkaanawaawak tii vyeu muud.
Nuu
neg
ki-nashkaanaw-aaw-ak
2-backtalk-3-pl
tii
2pl.poss
vyeu
old
muud.
people
You don't talk back to the elders.

Source: Laverdure and Allard 1983: 32

Example 75-253:
Eekaa eemiitshuhk denn narlizhyuun pur la pinitaans.
Eekaa
neg
ee-miitshu-hk
comp-eat-indf.ACTOR
denn
in.indf.f.sg
narlizhyuun
religion
pur
for
la
art.f.sg
pinitaans.
penance
There will be no eating in a religion for penance. OR: Fasting is not eating as a penance in religion.

Source: Laverdure and Allard 1983: 92

Example 75-254:
Diluu ili pa kleer.
Diluu
water
ili
cop
pa
neg
kleer.
clear
The water is not clear. OR: The water is filmy.

Source: Laverdure and Allard 1983: 95

Example 75-255:
Zhi pa sartaen Joo shiwiichihikuyahk.
Zhi
1sg
pa
neg
sartaen
certain
Joo
Joe
shi-wiichih-iku-yahk.
comp.fut-help-inv-1pl
I am not sure Joe will help us.

Source: Laverdure and Allard 1983: 179

Confidence:
Very certain