Datapoint Palenquero/Marking of patient noun phrases

Spanish "personal" a (cp. veo a Pedro 'I see Pedro') is not used in Palenquero. However, among younger speakers (often less proficient than the older generations of Palenquero speakers), this a may occasionally be heard, and is clearly a take-over from Spanish.

Values

No marking of patient NPs

Example 48-111:
Pelu ta miná Malía aí memo.
Pelu
Pedro
ta
prog
miná
see
Malía
María
aí
there
memo.
right
Pedro sees María right there.
Spanish: Pedro éstá mirando María allí mismo.
Example 48-112:
Aguela mi a mandá Isidora ayá Katahena.
Aguela
grandma
mi
my
a
pst
mandá
send
Isidora
Isidora
ayá
there
Katahena.
Cartagena
My grandma has sent Isidora to Cartagena.
Spanish: Mi abuela ha mandado Isidora a Cartagena.
Confidence:
Certain