Datapoint Casamancese Creole/Order of demonstrative and noun

In Casamancese Creole, we have a double contrast. The first contrast is between e and kel (simple adnominal forms of the demonstrative with no locative deictic element), where e refers to a nearby, visible element, whereas kel has mainly an anaphoric function (refering to something previously mentioned,independently of its relative distance to the speaker). The second contrast is between e...-li (adnominal proximal demonstrative introducing an object in the immediate vicinity of the speaker) and e ...-la / ke(l) ...-la (adnominal distal demonstrative introducing an object located far away from the speaker). Simple e also has a locative function, but in order to express a contrast (proximal/distal) in the physical environment of the speaker, one must resort to the compound forms which include locative deictic elements (-li and -la). For this reason, li and la in these contexts are considered as being one of the components of discontinuous adnominal demonstratives.

Values

Demonstrative simultaneously before and after noun Frequency: 50.0%

Example 34-8:
e kacor-li; e/ke(l) kacor-la
e
dem
kacor-li;
dog-here
e/ke(l)
dem
kacor-la
dog-there
this dog; that dog
Confidence:
Very certain

Demonstrative word precedes noun Frequency: 50.0%

Example 34-7:
e kacor; kel kacor
e
dem
kacor;
dog
kel
dem
kacor
dog
this dog (present in the physical environment of the speaker and the hearer); that dog (anaphoric use only)
Confidence:
Very certain