Datapoint Kriol/Nominal and verbal conjunction

Both nominal and verbal conjunction are expressed by en ~ an 'and' in all Kriol varieties.

Values

Identity, overtly expressed

Example 25-50:
Thet bekbon bla im en teil, yuno, wanim kipgon krejim.
Thet
dem
bekbon
back
bla
dat/poss
im
3sg
en
and
teil,
tail
yuno,
you_know
wan=im
subord=sg
kip-gon
keep-going
krej-im.
scratch-tr
Its back and tail, you know, when it keeps digging. (Refering to a goanna)
Example 25-75:
Wal imin ruwinim wanbala hawus ba wan olgumen, ol K. na en im asbin.
Wal
well
im=in
3sg=pst
ruwin-im
ruin-tr
wan-bala
one-adj2
hawus
house
ba
dat/poss
wan
one
olgumen,
woman
ol
old
K.
K.
na
now
en
and
im
3sg
asbin.
husband
Well it (the flood) ruined one woman's house, old K('s) and her husband('s).

Source: Angelo et al. 1998

Example 25-120:
Imin rakamen la olabat en puta ngalarr la olabat.
Im=in
3sg=pst
rakamen
argue
la
loc
olabat
3pl
en
and
puta
put
ngalarr
policeman
la
loc
olabat.
3pl
He argued with them and put the police on their tracks.
Example 25-215:
Orla gel en boi bin nakam-bat jelp garra kura, garra burluman kura.
Orla
pl
gel
girl
en
and
boi
boy
bin
pst
nak-am-bat
hit-tr-prog
jelp
refl
garra
com/ins
kura,
dung
garra
com/ins
burluman
cattle
kura.
dung
The girls and boys were hitting each other with dung, with cattle dung.

Source: Hudson 1985: 48

Example 25-221:
Ai bin ranbek garra biliken en ai bin bilimap olda eig.
Ai
1sg
bin
pst
ran-bek
run-back
garra
com/ins
biliken
billycan
en
and
ai
1sg
bin
pst
bil-im-ap
fill-tr-up
olda
pl
eig.
egg
I ran back with the billycan and I filled it up with the eggs.

Source: Sandefur and Sandefur 1982: 65

Example 25-259:
En ai maitbi digimba::t, aim fraiten yuno en ai kan pulem la leg en kilem.
En
and
ai
1sg
maitbi
maybe
dig-im-bat,
dig-tr-prog
aim
1sg:be.prs
fraiten
frightened
yuno
you.know
en
and
ai
1sg
kan
can.neg
pul-em
pull-tr
la
loc
leg
leg
en
and
kil-em.
kill-tr
And I may be digging, I’m frightened and can’t pull it by the leg and kill it (a goanna).
Example 25-260:
Imin kamap en imin lagijat en imin askim mi na [...].
Im=in
3sg=pst
kamap
come
en
and
im=in
3sg=pst
lagijat
like.that
en
and
im=in
3sg=pst
ask-im
ask-tr
mi
1sg
na
now
[...].
[...]
He came and went like that and asked me [...].

Source: Sandefur and Sandefur 1982: 65

Example 25-278:
Wi yusim guyiya bla aidrop en bla dayariya.
Wi
1pl
yus-im
use-tr
guyiya
wild.currant.bush
bla
dat/poss
aidrop
eyedrop
en
and
bla
dat/poss
dayariya.
diarrhoea
We use the guyiya plant as eyedrops and [to treat] diarrhoea.

Source: Daniels et al. 2001

Confidence:
Very certain