Datapoint Kriol/Uses of the habitual marker
Two habitual markers coexist in all Kriol varieties, oldei~orlas~olwei~ala (which can be combined with the past tense marker) and yusdu~yustu (which always has past reference). They seem to be restricted to marking habitual function.
Values 
Only habitual function
- Example 25-78:
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Gardiya bin oldei ringim thet bel.Gardiyawhite.personbinpstoldeialways/habring-imring-trthetdembel.bellA white person used to ring a bell every day. (context: work on the cattle stations, when speaker was young).
- Example 25-79:
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Wi yusdu get haidin from wait men yuno, oletaim.Wi1plyusduhabgetgethaidinhidingfromfromwaitwhitemenmenyuno,you.knowoletaim.alwaysWe used to get a beating from the white people all the time.
- Example 25-148:
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Bat ole holidei oldei olmaolman wi yusdu getim.Batbutoleplholideiholidayoldeialways/habolma~olmanred.older.manwi1plyusduhabget-im.get-trBut during all holidays with the old people we used to get them (traditional stone tools).
- Example 25-168:
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Dijan longtaim la fam en wi bin abum ol fam dea langa lolebul. Dijan la Katharrain en mai fatha yusta wek dea blanga dat men. Imin - dat men imin neim ol Jim.Dijanprox:adjlongtaimlong.agolalocfamfarmenandwi1sgbinpstab-umhave-trololdfamfarmdeatherelangaloclolebul.Low.LevelDijanprox:adjlalocKatharrainKatherineenandmai1sg.possfathafatheryustahabwekworkdeathereblangadat/possdatdemmen.manIm=in3sg=pst-datdemmenmanim=in3sg=pstneimnameololdJim.JimThis was long ago on a farm and we had an old farm there at Low Level (Crossing). This was in Katherine, and my father used to work there for that man. He- that man, his name was Old Jim. OR: This happened a long time ago on a farm. There was this old farm at the Low Level at Katherine and my father used to work there for a man named Jim. (Orig. Transl.)
Source: Sandefur and Sandefur 1982: 65
- Example 25-208:
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Imin oldei nesimbat tu jet faiya.Im=in3sg=pstoldeialways/habnes-im-batnurse-tr-progtutoojetdemfaiya.fireIt used to look after the fire too. (crocodile in myth)
Source: Sandefur and Sandefur 1982: 61
- Example 25-219:
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Wi shud binala gidim du, ei?Wi1plshudshouldbin=alapst=always/habgid-imget-trdu,tooei?tagWe should have been getting them too, ey? (Context: flood relief goods). OR: We should have been able to get them too, ey? (Orig. Transl.)
Source: Angelo et al. 1998
- Example 25-231:
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Olabat oldei andi gaman.Olabat3ploldeialways/habandiwant.togaman.comeThey always want to come.
Source: Sandefur 1979: 133
- Example 25-232:
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Wi yusdu habim kid la bush, ani wi neva habim [...] melk, wi yusdu go bek bo olden taim.Wi1plyusduhabhab-imhave-trkidchildlalocbush,bushanibutwi1plnevaneg2hab-imhave-tr[...][...]melk,milkwi1plyusduhabgogobekbackbopurpoldenoldtaim.timeWe used to have children in the bush, but [sometimes] we didn't have milk, we used to go back to the old timer [treatment].
- Confidence:
- Certain